Managerial accounting, case study, the case describes Pradeep Dutta (Dutta), proprietor of Xtra Power Group, found himself on the horns of a dilemma. He was expecting a surge in the demand for batteries in India - both for the new line of open shielded batteries as well as for the reconditioned batteries (which had more margins), but wondered whether he would be able to meet the demand considering the supply chain issues he was facing.

Some of Xtra Power's prominent retail partners were unhappy about the used batteries that they had collected from customers for reconditioning and how these were piling up at their facility, increasing their warehousing costs. Upon further investigation, Dutta found that the major problem lay with its longstanding transportation services provider, Cretto Logistics (Cretto), which had a low cost structure, but a lead time that was above the industry average.

1 Please could you explain how lymphocytes (especially B) can maintain receptors on their surfaces? Is this genetically related? If so, when the lymphocytes are first exposed to the antigens, how could the antigen receptor be synthesized? Is there a mutation within the nuclei of these lymphocytes when they learn to make the receptors? If there is, can you explain how this occurs?

2 I understand how nuclear factor-B (NFB) works in the inflammatory response but what is the mechanism by which it causes cancer?

3 What are the diseases associated with hypocomplementaemia and which complement deficiency in particular?

4 What is meant by 'B lymphocytes are sensitive to clonal deletion'?

5 What are the immunological implications of 'bare lymphocyte syndrome'/MHC deficiency?

6 Please explain oligoclonal and monoclonal.

7 I was wondering if there is any study regarding cell culture techniques of CD4 helper cells (stem cell culturing) and, if so, is it of any benefit to HIV-infected patients

8 How do you define autoimmune disease?

9 1. Why is dexamethasone not routinely used instead of prednisolone, which is almost universally used routinely in autoimmune diseases, or other indications for steroids? Is it because dexamethasone lacks the mineralocorticoid activity seen with prednisolone and therefore does not cause salt/water retention and hypertension? 2. Can high doses of dexamethasone be used in acute relapses of multiple sclerosis (MS) in place of pulse methylprednisolone? If so, what is the recommended dosage?

10 What is meant by 'pus cell' and is this term synonymous with neutrophils?