Managerial accounting Finance and accounting have assumed much importance in today's competitive world of business wherein corporate organisations have to show the true and fair view of their financial position. Thus, the application of accounting in the business sector has become an indispensable factor. Company Secretary has to provide the complete tand accurate information about the financial operations of the company to management for decision making. This emphasises that the books of account are to be maintained accurately, up-to-date and as per the norms.

1 Please explain the role of the sympathetic nervous system in the gastrointestinal tract.

2 What is the difference between a submandibular salivary gland swelling and swelling of a salivary lymph node?

3 How does Barrett's oesophagus develop?

4 Is it recommended to treat asymptomatic endoscopically diagnosed reflux oesophagitis with acid suppression and/or antireflux measures?

5 Is it recommended to give a young patient, diagnosed endoscopically to have mild reflux oesophagitis, life-long proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) to prevent the development of Barrett's oesophagitis?

6 Is it safe to give a patient with reflux oesophagitis who is on proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) for treatment of acid suppression, aspirin in antiplatelet doses (75-325 mg per day)?

7 Does a combination of magnesium and aluminium hydroxide salts, taken as antacid for reflux oesophagitis, have serious long-term adverse effects?

8 In the treatment of reflux oesophagitis with a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), should the PPI be life long or given for 4-8 weeks, as mentioned by the drug manufacturers?

9 Would a patient who suffers with reflux oesophagitis as a result of a hiatus hernia, and who is not responsive to proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), benefit from a highly selective vagotomy?

10 1. What are the causes of belching and what appropriate drug can be used? 2. What are the effects of smoking on the gastrointestinal tract and what is its role in peptic ulcer disease?