1. Many of the fundamental rights enjoyed by American citizens are explicitly protected by the Bill of Rights.

• Explain how the Bill of Rights protects religious freedom while simultaneously maintaining a separation between the state and religion.
• Define incorporation theory, and explain its effect in extending the protections guaranteed by the Bill of Rights.

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1. The U.S. Supreme Court has played a critical role in determining exactly what civil rights American possess and who is entitled to those rights.

• Identify the legal doctrine that the Supreme Court articulated in Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896, and explain the effects of that decision on civil rights in the United States.
• Describe what the court ruled in Brown v. Board of Education of Topekain 1954, and explain the effects of that decision on civil rights in the United States.
• Describe what the court ruled in Minor v. Happersett in 1875, and explain the effect of that ruling on the strategy of the woman suffrage movement in the United States.

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