Mario and Michael engaged in a fight in the hallway between third period. Mrs. Smith, the teacher, walked in on the altercation. She remained calm and talked to the boys in a clear and firm voice. She instructed the other students that were gathering to move away and instructed them to go into an empty classroom. The crowd did as they were told and the boys stopped fighting. The response to the teacher's calm yet firm voice best be described as:

	a.	ineffective
	b.	negative proximity control
	c.	deescalating disruptive behavior
	d.	spectator dispersal