Mark Cavendish belongs to an organisation wherein there is a large staff of middle managers between the CEO and the front line. Lines of authority branch outward from the top down like a tree's roots. Individual vice-presidents direct the activities of the staff below them according to specific lines of business and the responsibilities of managers are clearly defined along functional lines. Which type of business structure does Mark belong to?

A.

Vertical management

B.

Activity based management

C.

Layered management

D.

Horizontal management