Methods Analysis Assignment #9 (5 points)

Instructions: Using the study below and your skills working with SPSS, answer the questions following questions. Use the SPSS provided data sets.

Part One (Use the SPSS DataAnalysisFIU#1Help.sav data set for this section).

Study: The bait-and-switch technique involves gaining a commitment from someone to engage in an activity, then making the activity unavailable and offering them a more costly arrangement. For example, a store might offer a special price on a product that gets customers to the store, but then the store "runs out" of the product and offers the customer an inferior option. The customer might go for the inferior option because they already made the effort to go to the store.

Imagine you have participants scheduled to participate in a really fun and exciting study that pays $20 for an hour! They come, but then you tell them that the study is cancelled, but there is another study they can do. For some participants, you tell them the alternative study is just as fun as the original study and also pays $20. For other participants, you tell them the alternative study is dull (it involves a memory task) but also pays $20 for an hour. For a final set of participants, you tell them that the alternative study is dull (it involves a memory task) and doesn't pay anything. You then ask them if they are willing to participate in the alternative study (yes or no) and have them rate on a scale how excited they are to participate in the alternative study (rated from 1 = very excited to 9 = not at all excited).

1). What is the independent variable in this study, and how many levels are there to each? Choose the correct response (.5 points)

A. IV: Alternative study, with two levels (Alternative study versus Original study)

B. IV: Alternative study, with three levels (Alternative study versus Original study versus New study)

C. IV: Alternative study, with three levels (Fun + $20 versus Dull + $20 versus Dull without $20).

D. IV: Dollar amount description, with three levels ($20 versus Nothing versus $10)

2). What is/are the dependent variable(s) in this study, and what scale of measurement are they based on (NOIR)? (.5 points)

A. DV #1: Is the participant willing to participate in the alternative study (Yes or No): Nominal scale. - DV #2: How excited are they to participate in the alternative study: Interval scale

B. DV #1: Is the participant willing to participate in the alternative study (Yes or No): Ratio scale. - DV #2: How excited are they to participate in the alternative study: Nominal scale

C. DV #1: Does the participant want to participate in the original study only? (Yes or No): Ratio scale. - DV #2: How excited are they to participate in the alternative study: Nominal scale

D. DV #1: Is the participant willing to participate in the alternative study (Yes or No): Nominal scale. - DV #2: How excited are they to participate in the alternative study: Ratio scale

3). We are going to run some analyses on the data. We think that participants who are told the alternative study is fun and they get $20 will choose yes more often than no. We also think that participants who are told the alternative study is dull but they get $20 will choose yes more often than no. However, we think that participants who are told the alternative study is dull and they will not get paid anything will choose no more often than yes. Using the SPSS data file, run this analysis. Make sure to use the correct statistical test! Choose the correct analysis, write-up, and conclusion from the options below (1.5 points)

A. We ran a chi square using dollar amount as the independent variable ($20, Nothing, $10) and whether participants agreed to participate (Yes or No) as the dependent variable. A significant effect emerged, ² (2) = 15.87, p < .001. When they thought they would get $20, 18 (or 90%) of the participants agreed to participate. When they thought they would get $10, 16 (or 80%) of the participants agreed to participate. When they thought they wouldn't get any money, only 7 (or 35%) of the participants agreed to participate. This indicates that participants were more likely to participate in the alternative study if it they get money for it.

B. We ran a chi square using alternative study as the independent variable (Fun study + $20, Dull study + $20, Dull study without $20) and whether participants agreed to participate (Yes or No) as the dependent variable. A significant effect emerged, ² (2) = 15.87, p < .001. When they thought the new study would be fun and they get $20, only 7 (or 35%) of the participants agreed to participate. When they thought the new study would be dull but they get $20, 16 (or 80%) of the participants agreed to participate. When they thought the new study would be dull and they do not get $20, 18 (or 90%) of the participants agreed to participate. This indicates that participants were more not impacted by an offer of money.

C. We ran a chi square using alternative study as the independent variable (Fun study + $20, Dull study + $20, Dull study without $20) and whether participants agreed to participate (Yes or No) as the dependent variable. A significant effect emerged, ² (2) = 15.87, p < .001. When they thought the new study would be fun and they get $20, 18 (or 90%) of the participants agreed to participate. When they thought the new study would be dull but they get $20, 16 (or 80%) of the participants agreed to participate. When they thought the new study would be dull and they do not get $20, only 7 (or 35%) of the participants agreed to participate. This indicates that participants were more likely to participate in the alternative study if it they received $20 for it, though whether it was fun or dull seemed to have little impact.

D. We ran a One Way ANOVA using alternative study the independent variable (Fun study + $20, Dull study + $20, Dull study without $20) and how excited participants were to participate in the alternative study as the dependent variable. There was no significant effect, F(2, 57) = 1.59, p < .001. Participants in the fun study + $20 (M = 6.85, SD = 0.93), the dull study + $20 condition (M = 6.45, SD = 1.40), and the dull + no money condition (M = 6.10, SD = 1.59), did not differ from each other. Thus participants either felt similar apathy for participating in the alternative study or similar excitement!

4). We have a similar prediction with regard to how excited participants are to participate in the alternative study (that is, we think those who are paid $20 and/or think the second study will be fun will be more excited to participate in it than those who think it is dull and are not going to get paid for it). Choose the correct analysis, write-up, and conclusion from the options below (1.5 points)

A. We ran a One Way ANOVA using dollar amount as the independent variable ($20, Nothing, $10) and how excited participants were to participate in the alternative study as the dependent variable. There was no significant effect, F(2, 57) = 1.59, p < .001. Participants in the $20 condition (M = 6.85, SD = 0.93), the $10 condition (M = 6.45, SD = 1.40), and the no money condition (M = 6.10, SD = 1.59), did not differ from each other. Thus participants either felt similar apathy for participating in the alternative study or similar excitement!

B. We ran a One Way ANOVA using alternative study the independent variable (Fun study + $20, Dull study + $20, Dull study without $20) and how excited participants were to participate in the alternative study as the dependent variable. There was no significant effect, F(2, 57) = 1.59, p > .05. Participants in the fun study + $20 (M = 6.85, SD = 0.93), the dull study + $20 condition (M = 6.45, SD = 1.40), and the dull + no money condition (M = 6.10, SD = 1.59), did not differ from each other. Thus participants either felt similar apathy for participating in the alternative study or similar excitement!

C. We ran a One Way ANOVA using alternative study the independent variable (Fun study + $20, Dull study + $20, Dull study without $20) and how excited participants were to participate in the alternative study as the dependent variable. There was a significant effect, F(2, 57) = 1.59, p < .05. Tukey post hoc tests showed that participants in the fun study + $20 (M = 6.85, SD = 0.93) found it the most exciting. Participants in the dull study + $20 condition (M = 6.45, SD = 1.40) found it significantly less exciting. Finally, participants in the dull + no money condition (M = 6.10, SD = 1.59) found it significantly least exciting. Thus participants either felt more excitement when they got paid more money and the study was considered fun!

D. We ran a chi square using alternative study as the independent variable (Fun study + $20, Dull study + $20, Dull study without $20) and whether participants agreed to participate (Yes or No) as the dependent variable. A significant effect emerged, ² (2) = 15.87, p < .001. When they thought the new study would be fun and they get $20, 18 (or 90%) of the participants agreed to participate. When they thought the new study would be dull but they get $20, 16 (or 80%) of the participants agreed to participate. When they thought the new study would be dull and they do not get $20, only 7 (or 35%) of the participants agreed to participate. This indicates that participants were more likely to participate in the alternative study if it they received $20 for it, though whether it was fun or dull seemed to have little impact.

Part Two (Use the SPSS DataAnalysisFIU#2Help.sav data set for this section).

Imagine we alter the design so that we have two alternative study conditions (dull alternative study with $20 versus dull alternative study without $20). However, in half of the conditions we have a confederate appear to leave the alternative study and remark either "That was more fun than I'd expected" or "That was more boring than I expected." The dependent variables remain the same. Using this new design, answer the following questions.

5). What is/are the independent variable(s) in this study, and how many levels are there to each? (.5 points)

A. IV #1: Alternative study, two levels (Boring + $20 versus Boring without $20) - IV #2: Confederate remark, two levels ("More fun" versus "More more")

B. IV #1: Alternative study, three levels (Fun study + $20 versus Boring study with $20 versus Boring study without $20) - IV #2: Confederate remark, two levels ("More fun" versus "More boring")

C. IV #1: Alternative study, one level - IV #2: Confederate remark, two levels ("More fun" versus "More boring")

D. IV #1: Alternative study, two levels (With $20 versus without $20) - IV #2: Confederate remark, three levels ("More fun" versus "More boring" versus "Control group")

6). Consider all of the possible main effects and interactions for this study. Run a 2 X 2 ANOVA (I will let YOU figure out which dependent variable to use for this!). Choose the option below that best describes the outcome. (.5 points)

A. There are two significant main effects and a significant interaction

B. There is one significant main effect, one non-significant main effect, and a significant interaction

C. There are no significant main effects but a significant interaction

D. There are no significant main effects and no significant interaction