Michael attended his local hospital after suffering from chronic chest pains. At the hospital he was seen by a doctor without receiving any proper examination or treatment. The following day John died of arsenic poisoning, which was unrelated to the chest pains. Is the doctor negligent?

Select one:

a.

No, as Michael would have died anyway.

b.

Yes, the doctor failed to provide adequate treatment.

c.

Yes, Michael's death is a reasonably foreseeable outcome of chest pains.

d.

No, as the doctor could not be expected to foresee death as an outcome of chest pains.