Morrel University has a small shuttle bus that is in poor mechanical condition. The bus can be either overhauled now or replaced with a new shuttle bus. The following data have been gathered concerning these two alternatives (Ignore income taxes.):

	Present Bus	New Bus
Purchase cost new	$ 32,000	$ 40,000
Remaining net book value	$ 21,000	0
Major repair needed now	$ 9,000	0
Annual cash operating costs	$ 12,000	$ 8,000
Salvage value now	$ 10,000	0
Trade-in value in seven years	$ 2,000	$ 5,000

Click here to view Exhibit 14B-1 and Exhibit 14B-2, to determine the appropriate discount factor(s) using the tables provided.

The University could continue to use the present bus for the next seven years. Whether the present bus is used or a new bus is purchased, the bus would be traded in for another bus at the end of seven years. The University uses a discount rate of 12% and the total cost approach to net present value analysis.

If the new bus is purchased, the present value of the annual cash operating costs associated with this alternative is closest to: