Multiple Choice

1.

A. Which European country in the 15th century provided the ideal environment for cryptography since it had many independent city-states, each trying to outmaneuver each other? Germany

Italy

England

France

B.

What is the difference between a code and a cipher?

there is no difference

a code deals with letters and a cipher deals with words

a code uses transposition whereas a cipher only uses substitution

a cipher deals with letters and a code deals with words

C.

A _________ attack is always possible against a symmetric cipher.

side-channel

brute-force

social engineering

mathematical