Multiple Choice Section: Each question has only one right answer and is worth 5pts. (circle one choice per problem)

a) A child's height is measured and compared to his peers. Explain what it means if the child's height has a z-score of -0.4. (a) The child is shorter than what the model predicted for his height. (b) The child's height is below average when compared to the height of his peers. (c) The child's height is -0.4 standard deviations below the mean height for children his age. (d) The child's height is 0.4 standard deviations below the mean height for children his age. (e) The child's height is unusually low for children his age. b) Which of the following graphs is best to use to determine if the data set has any outliers? (a) scatterplot (b) side-by-side bar graph (c) Histogram (d) normal probability plot (e) modified boxplot c) A child's height is measured and compared to his peers. Explain what it means if the child's height is in the 34th percentile. (a) 34% of his peers are his height or shorter. (b) 34% of his peers are taller than he is. (c) This child is 34% taller than the average height for his peers. (d) This child is 34% taller than his peers. (e) This child is 34% shorter than his peers. d) Data is collected on two quantitative variables, a scatter plot is made and a test is run, at = 0.05 , to see if a correlation exists between the variables. Suppose that the p-value of the test comes back as roughly 0.0001. Which of the following can we reasonably conclude? (a) The variables are not correlated, and one does not cause the other. (b) The variables are not correlated, and one does cause the other. (c) The variables are correlated, and one does cause the other. (d) The variables are correlated, and one may cause the other. (e) The variables are correlated, and one does not cause the other e) In an ACT prep course, students are given an ACT exam before the course begins and another test after the course is finished. Which hypothesis test would you use to test the ACT prep course is effective in raising scores? (a) 1-Proportion Z-Test (b) T-Test (for one sample) (c) 2-Proportion Z-Test (d) 2-Sample T-Test (e) T-Test (for two dependent samples)