Mutual bonds, like mutual funds, generate various types of income such as interest income, dividends, annuity income, and capital gains. The impact of these income types on the deductibility of investment interest expense varies: Interest Income: This is included in net investment income, increasing the allowable deductible investment interest expense. Dividend Income: Qualified Dividends: Typically not included in net investment income unless the taxpayer elects to treat them as ordinary income, which would then increase deductible investment interest expense. Ordinary Dividends: Included in net investment income, thus increasing the deductible limit. Capital Gains: Short-term Capital Gains: Included in net investment income, enhancing deductible investment interest expense. Long-term Capital Gains: Generally not included unless elected to be treated as ordinary income, which would then increase the deductible limit. Annuity Income: If treated as ordinary income, it is included in net investment income, increasing the deductible limit. Overall, most income types generated by mutual bonds can increase the deductible investment interest expense if they are included in net investment income. Taxpayers should consider these factors and possibly elect to treat certain income types as ordinary income to optimize their tax benefits.