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Nearly U _ A _ T 4 0 billion of sofas and sofa sets are sold each year in the United States [ 1 ]

Nearly U_A_T40 billion of sofas and sofa sets are sold each year in the United States[1]. Making a sofa is a complex multi-step process. Making one by hand can take between 200-to-300 hours; however, a modern factory can make a sofa every 10-to-15 minutes. These reduced times are the result of automation and optimized factory layout and line balancing. Below are basic diagrams of how sofas are constructed.According to Koruca, Koker, Chehbi-Gamoura and Ulsik (2018)[2] in a modern well-run factory dedicated to manufacturing sofas, there are 32 workstations with an average cycle (Takt) time of 601.3 seconds. Assume that each workstation has one worker. The average American factory worker makes 20.10 per hour. In China the average factory workers salary is 8,000 Yuan per month[4], which comes to 6.92. Including 20% for employers social security contribution (health insurance, maternity insurance, work related injury insurance and unemployment insurance) the hourly cost of a Chinese factory worker is U_A_T8.31 per hour. The average cost to ship a container from China to the Port of Los Angles is given in the table below[5]. Depending upon the size of the sofa, there are anywhere from 8-to-18 sofas per shipping container.Standard Container Shipping Cost from China to USAChargeLowHighFactory to portU_A_T 50U_A_T 480Clearance 100300Shipping Shenzhen, China to LA, CA. USA2,2302,460Insurance (0.2%)818Port charges 100450Customs bond 100200Local Charges 100450
From the information above, determine
Using an average of 12 sofas per shipping container, calculate the average cost of shipping a sofa

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