Net Present Value Use Exhibit 12B.1 and Exhibit 12B.2 to locate the present value of an annuity of $1, which is the amount to be multiplied times the future annual cash flow amount. Each of the following scenarios is independent. Assume that all cash flows are after-tax cash flows. a. Campbell Manufacturing is considering the purchase of a new welding system. The cash benefits will be $480,000 per year. The system costs $3,150,000 and will last 10 years. b. Evee Cardenas is interested in investing in a women's specialty shop. The cost of the investment is $230,000. She estimates that the return from owning her own shop will be $50,000 per year. She estimates that the shop will have a useful life of 6 years. c. Barker Company calculated the NPV of a project and found it to be $63,900. The project's life was estimated to be 8 years. The required rate of return used for the NPV calculation was 10%. The project was expected to produce annual after-tax cash flows of $135,000. Required: 1. Compute the NPV for Campbell Manufacturing, assuming a discount rate of 12%. If required, round all present value calculations to the nearest dollar. Use the minus sign to indicate a negative NPV. Should the company buy the new welding system? 2. Conceptual Connection: Assuming a required rate of return of 8%, calculate the NPV for Evee