New technology:

a$.$ seldom contributes to competitive advantage or operational

efficiency.

b$.$ seldom enables competitive advantage from product$/$service

differentiation at lower cost.

c$.$ frequently enables competitive advantage from product$/$service

differentiation at lower cost.

d$.$ frequently enables competitive advantage from product$/$service

differentiation, but typically at a higher cost.

e$.$ frequently enables operational efficiencies, but seldom enables

competitive advantage.