Northern Propane, Inc., an oil and gas distribution firm, is considering adding debt to their capital structure. Currently, the value of Northern Propane is $8,000,000 and they are all-equity financed. The CFO would like to issue debt; specifically, $5,000,000 worth of bonds. This debt is permanent. The interest on the bonds would be set at 6%. The CFO estimated that this is the appropriate required rate of return demanded by bondholders of similar debt issues. Northern Propane pays taxes at a rate of 35%.

a) What is the annual interest tax shield given the proposed debt issuance?

b) What is the present value of the interest tax shield?

c) Given your answer in part b, what is the value of the firm with the debt?