Objective:

The objective of this assignment is to deepen your understanding of Network Address Translation $($NAT$)$ and Port Address Translation $($PAT$),$ their purposes, and how they are implemented in networking scenarios. By completing this assignment, you will gain practical knowledge of these crucial concepts used in managing IP addresses and enabling communication between local networks and the Internet.

Instructions:

Part $1$: Understanding NAT

Define Network Address Translation $($NAT$)$ and explain why it is necessary in the context of IP addressing.

Differentiate between Static NAT and Dynamic NAT. Provide examples of scenarios where each type might be preferable.

Illustrate, through a diagram if possible, how NAT works in a typical home network. Include private IP addresses, a NAT device, and a public IP address.

Part $2$: Port Address Translation $($PAT$)$

Define Port Address Translation $($PAT$)$ and explain how it extends the functionality of NAT.

Provide a detailed comparison between Dynamic NAT and Dynamic PAT. Highlight the advantages and disadvantages of each.

Create a step$-$by$-$step example scenario involving a local network with multiple devices using Dynamic PAT to access the Internet. Include details such as private IP addresses, assigned port numbers, and the translation table.

Part $3$: Real$-$world Applications

Research and describe real$-$world applications or situations where NAT and PAT are commonly used. Discuss the benefits and challenges associated with these applications.

Submission Guidelines:

Prepare a document that includes text explanations, diagrams, and any necessary tables or charts.

Clearly label each part of the assignment $($Part $1,$ Part $2,$ Part $3).$

Use proper citations for any external sources you consult.