Objectives: The objective of this activity is to investigate and the magnitude and direction of the electric fields due to various change distributions and investigate the electric forces between point charges using simulation software. Equipment: . Computer . PhET Charges and Fields Simulation Software . PhET Electric Hockey Simulation Software Theory: Electric Field Lines Positive Point Charge Negative Point Charge Two Positive Charges Electric Dipole . The electric field at a point near an electric change is the electric force experienced by a small test charge placed at that point divided by the test charge itself. The direction of the electric field is the same as the direction of the force on a positive test charge. For positive point charges, the direction of the electric field is radially outward, and for negative point charges the direction of the electric field is radially inward. . Electric field lines are a means to visually represent the vector nature of electric fields. The electric field surrounding a charge is represented by several electric field lines that extend between charges. The electric field at any point is tangent to the electric field line at that point. . In general, the number (density) of field lines is proportional to the magnitude of the electric field. The presence of only few lines around a charge represents a weak electric field and the presence of many lines represents a strong electric field.that we will use have a darker am In indicate if! stranger I lndlcate a weaker electric field. ' ' _'tnaemmneot the electric field is given by: ' _ :'Ei's the electric field, F [S the electric force qo is the test charge q is the electric . I II it: charge his the distance from the charge, and k :5 Columbus constant ' Part A Single Point Charge: - Open the PhET Charges and Fields Simulation Software: htt 3:}! bet .coloradnedufenfslmulatinnichar esandfields \"h r .In the PET simulator Check \"Electric Field\" and \"Values" (upper right comet). - Click and drag one \"Positive" charge into the middle of the display. 559 Click and drag few \"Sensors\" into the display It) meaure the electric: field at variant; locatitm; 1;\" In the below table, describe the observed electric field for the paint chatges. Use "Clear All" icon (bottom right corner) to clear the display and repeat above procedure using one "Negative" charge. . Save screenshots (screen captures) of the simulation electric field for the various point charges (total of 2 trials) and include in the graphs section of your lab report. Part B - Two Point Charges: . Click and drag two "Positive" charges, one near the top of the display and second near the bottom of the display. . Click and drag few "Sensors" into the display to measure the electric field at various locations. Use "Clear All" icon (bottom right corner) to clear the display and repeat the above procedure using two "Negative" charges. Use "Clear All" icon (bottom right corner) to clear the display and repeat the above procedure using an "Electric Dipole": one positive charge and one negative charge. In the below table, describe the observed electric field for the various two point charges. Save screenshots (screen captures) of the simulation electric field for the various two point charges (total of 3 trials) and include in the graphs section of your lab report. Part C - Lines of Charge: Simulate two charged plates by creating a horizontal line of about 10 "Positive" charges on the top of the display and a horizontal line of about 10 "Negative" charges on the middle of the display. Click and drag few "Sensors" into the display to measure the electric field at various locations between and outside the lines of charge. In the below table, describe the observed electric field for the two lines of charge. Save screenshot (screen capture) of the simulation electric field for the two lines of charge (total of 1 trial) and include in the graphs section of your lab report. W-Goal! Start Reset Tries. 8 )Pause Puck Is Positive Ed Trace Field Andalias 25 Part D - Electric Field Hockey: Open the PhET Electric Field Hockey Simulation Software. Flash Player is required to run this simulation: https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/legacy/electric-hockey >In the PhET simulator check "Puck is Positive", "Trace", and "Field" (bottom of the screen) to select a positive puck and show the path of the puck and the electric field. This PhET simulator uses point charges to move and direct a charged puck into a goal. Click "Start" to start moving the puck. Click "Clear" to clear everything and start from beginning. Click "Reset" to bring the puck back to the starting point with same charges. Use "Practice" mode to become familiar with the simulation and testing ideas about how charges will affect motion. Select Difficulty "1." Using at most 20 positive charges and 20 negative charges direct the charged puck into the goal without the hitting the wall. Do not let the puck go off the screen. When you are finished, click "Clear" and select Difficulty "2". Using at most 20 positive charges and 20 negative charges direct the puck to go between the two walls into the goal without the puck hitting a wall. Do not let the puck go off the screen. When you are finished, click "Clear" and select Difficulty 3." Using at most 20 positive charges and 20 negative charges direct the puck to go between the three walls into the goal without the puck hitting a wall. Do not let the puck go off the screen.In the below table, describe for the three difficulty levels if the puck successfully entered the goal and its path. Save screenshots (screen captures) showing the completed difficulty levels with the puck in the goal, the "trace" of the puck's path, and the electric field lines (total of 3 trials). Include in the graphs section of your report. Analysis: " Part A - Single Point Charge: 1. For each trial (screenshot) explain the shape of the electric field. Discuss in your lab report. 2. What is the relation between the direction of the electric field lines and the sign of the charges? Explain in your lab report. 3. What is the relation between the magnitude of the electric field lines and the distance to the charges? Explain in your lab report. . Part B - Two Point Charges: 1. For each trial (screenshot) explain the magnitude and direction of the electric field in the different areas: close to each charge, between the two charges, and far away from the two charges. Discuss in your lab report. 2. What happens to the electric field as the charges get closer? Explain in your lab report. 3. How do the electric fields compare for two same sign point charges and opposite sign point charges (dipole)? Explain in your lab report. . Part C - Lines of Charge: 1. For each trial (screenshot) explain the shape of the electric field in the different areas: close to each line of charge, between the two lines of charges, and far away from the two lines of charge. Discuss in your lab report. 2. Does the distance between the charge lines make a difference? Explain in your lab report. 3. Does the distance between the individual point charges that make the line of charge make a difference? Explain in your lab report. . Part D - Electric Hockey: 5Part D - Electric Hockey: - 5 1. For each of the difficulty levels explain why the puck follows the path that it does. Discuss in your lab report. 2. How does the path relate to the direction of the electric field? Explain in your lab report. 3. Does the sign of the puck make a difference? Explain in your lab report. Lab Report: When writing the lab report, you must review and follow very carefully the Physics Lab Report instructions handout. In your lab report, include the Cover Page, Objectives, Theory, Equipment, Data, Graphs, Calculations, Conclusions, Sources of Error, and References. Remember to show all equations and calculations in detail and to round the results to the correct number significant digits and precision. In the conclusion section, be sure to summarize the final results, comment on the agreement or disagreement of the results with the theory or expectations, and discuss what you personally learned from this experiment and your observations/comments. Submit your complete lab report electronically by the due date!Tables of Data and Results Part A - Single Point Charge: Point Charge Electric Field Description (Magnitude and Direction) Positive Negative Part B - Two Point Charges: Two Charge Points Electric Field Description (Magnitude and Direction) Positive & Positive Negative & Negative Positive & Negative Part C - Lines of Charges: Two Charge Lines Electric Field Description (Magnitude and Direction) Positive & Negative Part D - Electric Field Hockey: Difficulty Puck successful goal and path? 2 : 7 - 7