Objectives: To formulate a linear programming model to determine the optimal product mix for the refinery. To express the formulation using LINGO sets. To solve the linear programming model using both EXCEL solver and LINGO. To interpret the optimal solution and discuss what it means for the refinery. Background An Oil Company of Middle East has a refinery in Kuwait. This refinery has access to two types of crude oil that come from Wafra Field: Ratawi Crude and Eocene Crude. The daily availability for Ratawi Crude and Eocene Crude are 300,000 bbl per day and 200,000 bbl per day, respectively. The Ratawi Crude costs the company $22 per bbl, and the Eocene Crude costs $28 per bbl. The refinery distills the crude oils and produces two intermediate products naphtha and light oil. One bbl of Ratawi Crude yields 0.3 bbl of naphtha and 0.7 bbl of light oil, while one bbl of Eocene Crude yields 0.6 bbl of naphtha and 0.4 bbl of light oil. Naphtha and light oil are blended to produce the three final gasoline products: Regular gasoline has a blend ratio of 3:1 (naphtha to light oil), Premium gasoline has a blend ratio of 2:1, and Jet fuel has a blend ratio of 1:3. The revenues for Regular gasoline, Premium gasoline, and Jet fuel is $46 per bbl, $60 per bbl, and $85 per bbl, respectively. The demand is 250,000 bbl per day for Regular gasoline, 200,000 bbl per day for Premium gasoline, and 110,000 bbl per day for Jet fuel. If the production is not enough to cover the demand, the shortage must be made up from outside sources at an extra cost. This extra cost is $9 per bbl of Regular gasoline, $12 per bbl of Premium gasoline, and $15 per bbl of Jet fuel. The refinery has to decide on the product mix. Tasks: 1. Read the problem carefully and draw a diagram representing the product flow in the refinery. 2. Identify the decision variable(s). 3. Set up the objective function for the quantity to be optimized. 4. Identify the constraints the solution must satisfy. 5. Formulate the problem as a linear program. 6. Solve the problem using EXCEL solver (show all the steps, use SUM and SUMPRODUCT functions). 7. Solve the problem using LINGO (sets and looping functions should be used). 8. Interpret your solution. a. Explain objective function & decision variable values b. Which product has the highest shortage? Why? c. How much money the company spends on shortage? 9. If the company has no option to outsourse shortage, and can only rely on its own capacity, what is the new answer, for the problem (change it in LINGO only), and based on that, do you recommend the compaby to stop reling on outsoursing or not? justfy you answer.