Omar had just completed his first month at “Global Institution for Consultancy”. Omar was working during the past 10 years in a small-family business for consultancy as well, known as “AZA Institution for Consultancy”, however, AZA went through hard and challenging times and had recently shut down. Fortunately, Omar skills and abilities, coupled with his experience and recommendations support him to secure another job at Global Institution for Consultancy fairly easy.

At AZA, things were great and Omar felt as part of the team from day one. The job environment, culture, values and overall climate were in light of his personality traits and therefore boosted his motivation. AZA was also decentralized, thus allowing its employees considerable autonomy and freedom to make decision and determine the goals. In addition, AZA’s promotion system and rewards distribution were based on a very neat, straightforward and fair procedures. The workers in AZA were very friendly. Therefore, when AZA closed its operations, Omar was sure that nothing could replace this great environment.

When Omar started his new job at Global Institution for Consultancy, things were completely different. Top managers don’t worry too much about who did a good job and who didn’t. They promote people based on political games and this discourages Omar’s motivation. In addition, his own personality traits, including being sociable and accepting new experiences and task do not fit well in this new company. In this new company, it seems that no one is able or allowed to make decisions without getting three signatures from top managers. Those signatures, though, were hard to get. One further problem is that Omar feels that a couple of colleagues treated him as an outsider. One day, for example, Omar asked two colleagues about playing football, but they had politely declined.

According to this scenario, answer the following questions:

1- What are the two theories (among the recent ones) that best explain why AZA company supports Omar’s motivation? Explain why.

2- In light of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory, explain why Global Institution for Consultancy discourages Omar’s motivation?

3- In light of Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory, Omar at Global Institution for Consultancy is considered as satisfied, not satisfied, dissatisfied, or not dissatisfied? Choose one of these options and explain why?

4- According to the Big Five Personality Traits, what are the two dimensions that best tap Omar’s personality, as explained in the above mentioned scenario?