On December 7, 2007, Transpave, Inc., a concrete block manufacturer northwest of Montreal, pled guilty in Saint Jerome, Quebec to charges of "criminal negligence causing death" under the Criminal Code. These charges arose from a 2005 workplace death taking place at the company. A 23-year-old worker, Steve L'cuyer, was killed while trying to clear a jam in a machine. Investigations by Ouebec's Health and Safety Board and Provincial Police found the company was negligent when it allowed L'Ecuyer to operate the machine while its motion detector safety mechanism deactivated.

In Transpave case, the Crown and the Defence attorney made a joint submission to the Court and agreed that a fine of $100,000 would be an appropriate punishment. In sentencing Transpave Inc., the Court noted that the severity of the offence was high given that a death of a person ensued. However, the Court also noted that Transpave is a family corporation and it had derived no advantage from the perpetration of the offence. Furthermore, there had been no planning of any sort to commit the offence in question. The Court also commented that safety regulations had been in place prior to the accident, noting that there was an existing Health and Safety Committee at Transpave, as well as a Code of Conduct for the employees to follow.

In addition to the above noted factors, the Court, in deciding what an appropriate penalty would be, took note of the amount of money Transpave had invested in its safety systems subsequent to the accident. For instance, in 2006, Transpave spent more than half a million dollars to put its two plants at the safety level of Europe, which is higher than the one in force in North America. Following the accident, Transpave undertook many measures to help ensure that such an accident did not reoccur.

What this decision demonstrates is that, while there are no hard-and-fast rules to play by to ensure an organization remains insulated from liability, it would be prudent for a corporation to incorporate all the best practices and industry standards into an occupational health and safety management system. As discussed above, in rendering its decision, the Court appeared to be particularly influenced by the measures implemented after the employee's death to prevent a recurrence. Implementing health and safety measures will help demonstrate to a court that all reasonable steps are being taken by the organization to ensure the workplace is safe.

More importantly, however, is that although it took four years

for this first conviction and fine to be imposed under the amendments, employers, senior management and members of Boards of Directors should not allow themselves to suppose that the Criminal Code will not be used in the future to prosecute where there is a statutory breach. Bill C-45 has made it easier to convict a corporation criminally based on the conduct of its employees, and it will likely be increasingly used in the future.

Questions

1. What possible Safety Regulations could Transpave Inc. have had in place in order to avoid such workplace deaths and accidents?

2. What would be the role of the Joint Health and Safety Committee existing at Transpave Inc. in identifying, preventing and controlling such safety risks?

1. Was the severity of offence placed by the Crown on
2. Transpave Inc. really high?
3. Discuss the significance of Occupational Health and Safety
4. Training in general in preventing such accidents from