On Halloween night a 6-foot tall 12-year-old boy decided to dress up as a bank robber. His costume consisted of a ski mask and a toy gun. He went to numerous homes, and when the homeowner answered the door, he would point the gun and say, "Your money or your life." After a momentary pause, he would then say, "Trick or treat." The typical response by the homeowners was to laugh and give him some candy. Eventually, he went to a home where he knew a 78-year-old woman lived. He knew the woman was nervous and easily frightened but he wanted to give her a playful scare. The outside lights were off, indicating she was not receiving trick-or-treaters. He knocked on the door and the woman answered. As soon as he pointed the gun and spoke the words "Your money or your life," the woman immediately screamed and slammed the door shut.

If the woman brings an assault action against the boy, will she likely prevail?

a-Yes, because she was frightened.

b-Yes, because it was substantially certain that a 78-year-old woman would be placed in apprehension upon seeing someone 6 feet tall in a ski mask holding a gun.

c-No, because a reasonable person should have expected this type of visit on Halloween.

d-No, because the boy did not intend to harm the woman.