On January 1 Patti made a $90,000 interest-free loan to her son, Alex, who used the money to pay off the $40,000 mortgage on his personal residence and also to buy a $50,000 certificate of deposit. Alex's only income for the year is his salary of $45,000 and $2,000 interest income on the certificate of deposit. The relevant Federal interest rate is 3% compounded semiannually. The loan is outstanding for the entire year. 5. Based on the above information, what is the effect of this loan on Patti's gross income for the year? a