On January $1,$ the first day of its fiscal year, Jacinto Company issued $$21,300,000$ of five$-$year, $4\%$ bonds to finance its operations of producing and selling home improvement products. Interest is payable semiannually. The bonds were issued at a market $($effective$)$ interest rate of $5\%,$ resulting in Jacinto Company receiving cash of $$20,367,938.$

Required:

a$.$ Journalize the entries to record the following $($refer to the chart of accounts for the exact wording of the account titles. CNOW journals do not use lines for journal explanations. Every line on a journal page is used for debit or credit entries. CNOW journals will automatically indent a credit entry when a credit amount is entered.$)$:

$1.$ Issuance of the bonds.

$2.$ First semiannual interest payment. The bond discount amortization, using the straight$-$line method, is combined with the semiannual interest payment. $($Round your answer to the nearest dollar.$)$

$3.$ Second semiannual interest payment. The bond discount amortization, using the straight$-$line method, is combined with the semiannual interest payment. $($Round your answer to the nearest dollar.$)$

b$.$ Determine the amount of the bond interest expense for the first year.

c$.$ Explain why the company was able to issue the bonds for only $$20,367,938$ rather than for the face amount of $$21,300,000.$