On January 2, 2023, Direct Shoes Inc. disposed of a machine that cost $90,000 and had been depreciated $48,850. Present the journal entries to record the disposal under each of the following unrelated assumptions:

a. The machine was sold for $38,500 cash.

b. The machine was traded in on new tools having a $129,000 cash price. A $46,000 trade-in allowance was received, and the balance was paid in cash. Since the tools have been customized, the fair values are not known. c. The machine plus $74,000 was exchanged for a delivery van having a fair value of $110,000.

d. The machine was traded for vacant land adjacent to the shop to be used as a parking lot. The land had a fair value of $81,000, and Direct Shoes Inc. paid $31,000 cash in addition to giving the seller the machine.