On the London Metals Exchange, the price for copper to be delivered in one year is $6,060 a ton. (Note: Payment is made when the copper is delivered.) The risk-free interest rate is 2.00% and the expected market return is 10%.

a. Suppose that you expect to produce and sell 12,100 tons of copper next year. What is the PV of this output? Assume that the sale occurs at the end of the year. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answer in millions rounded to 2 decimal places.)

b-1. If copper has a beta of 1.34, what is the expected price of copper at the end of the year? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)

b-2. Assume copper has a beta of 1.34. What is the certainty-equivalent end-of-year price?