Open Exploration 24.3. The simulation shows either a charged conducting sphere or a charged insulating sphere. The insulating sphere has charge distributed throughout its volume. Because the excess charge placed on a conductor always lies on the surface (in electrostatic conditions), only the outside surface of the conducting sphere has a net charge. The graphs of the electric field as a function of distance from the center of the distribution are also shown. You can move the small test charge around both inside and outside the charged spheres to see the direction of the electric field and to graph the electric field. Please note that for this simulation position is measured in cm, field strength is measured in N/C, and is in N . cm2 /C.

7. Test your prediction by using the simulation to place a large Gaussian surface around each sphere. The bar on the left side of the simulation window shows the value of the flux. Record your measurements below. Don't forget to include units. Insulator = _____________ Conductor = _____________

8. How did the values of the flux compare? Why?

9. How do the values and directions of the electric field at the location of the Gaussian surface in each case compare? Explain.

10. How much charge is on each sphere? How do you know? Show any work you need to find the amount of charge below. Insulator q = _____________ Conductor q = _____________

11. If a small Gaussian surface was placed inside the conducting sphere, what would the value of the flux through the surface be? Why?

12. Test your prediction by using the simulation to place a small Gaussian surface inside the conducting sphere. Does the measured value of the flux match your prediction? If not, explain why the measured value was obtained. inside conductor = _____________

13. Do you think you would get the same value of flux if the small Gaussian surface was placed inside the insulating sphere? Why or why not?

14. Test your prediction by using the simulation to place the small Gaussian surface inside the insulator. Does the measured value of the flux match your prediction? If not, explain why the measured value was obtained. inside insulator = _____________

15. How much charge is enclosed by the small Gaussian surface inside the insulator? Show any calculations you do to get this answer below. qenc (small Gaussian inside insulator) = _____________

16. Use Gauss's law to find the value of the electric field at the location of the small Gaussian surface inside the insulator. Show your work below. Then use the simulation to verify that your calculated value matches the value at that point on the graph. Using Gauss's law: E = __________ From graph: E = __________