Other scholars who hold a communicative view start with the premise that structure is produced by communication. We encountered this approach in Chapter 4 and the discussion of structuration theory. There we saw how the social actions of human practices creates structureand how those same actions simultaneously reproduce and perpetuate the structure by acting within what it enables and constrains. In a body of work developed over thirty years, Poole and McPhee have demonstrated the relevance of structuration theory to communication studies generally and applied it to the problems of organizational climate, formal structure, sites of structuration, and organizational identity and identification