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You have four investment opportunities with the following cash flows over four years. Project A requires an initial investment of ₹12,000 and returns ₹4,000, ₹4,000, ₹4,000, and ₹4,000 in each subsequent year. Project B needs ₹10,000 upfront and yields ₹3,000, ₹3,000, ₹4,000, and ₹5,000. Project C requires ₹8,000 and returns ₹2,000, ₹3,000, ₹3,000, and ₹4,000. Project D demands ₹6,000 initially and generates ₹1,000, ₹2,000, ₹3,000, and ₹4,000.

Required:

1. Determine the payback period for each project.
2. If a standard payback period is set at 2 years, which project would you choose?
3. Calculate the discounted payback period for each project at a 10% discount rate.
4. Compute the NPV for each project at a 10% discount rate.
5. Assess which project is preferable based on the NPV method.