paraphrase: Horizontal relationships are classified as relationships that exhibit equality, shared power, and a degree of similarity in status or position. Collaboration, honest communication, and shared decision-making are encouraged in this kind of relationship. It is frequently observed in organizational models that prioritize teamwork, decentralized decision-making, and horizontal bureaucracies. It can lead to enhanced creativity, output, and job satisfaction. This type of relationship fosters teamwork, open communication, and shared decision-making. It is often seen in organizational structures that emphasize flat hierarchies, decentralized decision-making, and teamwork. Horizontal relationships can lead to increased creativity, productivity, and job satisfaction among those involved. Horizontal linkages between different levels of government are critical in the United States for supporting good governance and service delivery. Collaboration, shared decision-making, and mutual respect for each other's competence and authority define these relationships. Coordination between states and the federal government, for example, in reacting to natural disasters exemplifies how such horizontal connections work. A clear example of this horizontal relationship is the coordination between states and the federal government in managing public lands. Both entities share a commitment to preserving natural resources and promoting outdoor recreation. There are clear communication channels and regular meetings between agency officials to ensure effective coordination. Collaboration on joint projects and initiatives, such as wildfire management or trail maintenance, is a common practice. Additionally, each level of government respects the legal authority and expertise of the other in different areas of land management. Citing Bieber (2022) interpretation on his published journal, the Property Clause allowed such connection to occur. The US Constitutional clause gives the agency broad control over public lands, characterizing significant implications for what is often referred to as "horizontal federalism" as it addresses the relationship between the federal government and the states regarding land and property. This encourage inclusive decision-making, lessen conflicts, utilize a variety of resources and expertise, and ultimately help to promote more efficient, equitable, and sustainable land management practices that benefit both present-day society and future generations, horizontal relationships are crucial in managing public lands