Paraphrase this: Therefore, encouraging teams to openly share opinions for continuous improvement is vital. The concept of team voice behavior, defined as the collective expression of team members' opinions, is introduced. According to social exchange theory, when leaders demonstrate support and understanding, team members feel compelled to reciprocate, leading to more unified and productive team voice behavior. The study tests four hypotheses: first, that leaders' paradoxical thinking positively impacts team voice behavior; second, that team cooperation acts as a mediator between leaders' paradoxical thinking and team voice behavior; third, that a forgiving team climate strengthens the relationship between leaders' paradoxical thinking and team cooperation; and fourth, that team forgiveness climate enhances the indirect effect of leaders' paradoxical thinking on team voice behavior through team cooperation. The authors conducted questionnaires covering paradoxical thinking, team forgiveness climate, team cooperation, and team voice behavior, confirming all four hypotheses. In summary, the study emphasizes the importance of leaders' unconventional thinking in fostering productive team dynamics, especially in forgiving and cooperative environments