Part $1$

There is a pair of functions in stdlib.h $($make sure to include it$)$ that are used for generating pseudo$-$random numbers. These are "srand" and "rand". Examples are on pages $686$ and $687.($Note: Functions "srandom" and "random" should be used instead of "srand" and "rand", respectively, since they are more secure$.)$ E$.$g$.,$ function "srand$(3)"$ provides the seed value of $3$ to the srand function. $(3$ is just a number, and probably isn't even a good number for this purpose, but that's a discussion for another time$).$ The reason that we use a seed value is so that we can reproduce the series of random numbers. Thus, we call them pseudo$-$random numbers. Being able to reproduce them is important to verify and debug code.

Write a C program to generate a set of random numbers for a given seed value $($call it lab$5\_$part$1.$c$).$ Prompt the user for the seed value, or $0$ to quit. Then print $5$ random values. When you run your program, try a few different seed values, then try one that you've already tried. Verify that you get the same sequence.

Part $2$

Copy the lab$5\_$part$1.$c program to a new file, lab$5\_$part$2.$c$,$ to use in this part.

We will generate random values, but they should be limited to $0,1,2,$ or $3.$ To do this, think of a way to map the random value to a small value; there are many ways to do this, however, the way you choose must be reproducible. That is$,$ if it maps value X to the value $2,$ it should do that every time the value is X$.$ Create a function that accomplishes random number generation and mapping: the function should return a single integer that is a random value of $0,1,2,$ or $3.$ It does not need any inputs. To verify that it works, have your program print about $20$ from it$.$ If your program gives you values like $-1$ or $4,$ you know you have a problem. Also, if it never generates one of the values $(0,1,2,$ or $3),$ then there is a problem.

Then create an array of $4$ ints. Initialize that array to $0$ values.

Here is an example of how to create an array called "myarray" of $4$ values:

int myarray$[]=\{23,45,56,67\}$;

You should call your array something better than "myarray".

Have your program prompt the user for an integer number, read it in$,$ then generate that many random values. $($The generated values are limited to $(0,1,2,$ or $3),$ but the number generated can be much larger.$)$ Do not show the random values. Instead, count them, i$.$e$.,$ every time the function produces a $0,$ the integer at array position $0$ should be incremented. Once all the random numbers have been processed, display the counts. Verify that the numbers make sense; if your program says that there were $4$ zero values, $6$ ones, $5$ twos, and $3$ threes, but it was supposed to generate $20$ values, you know there is a problem because $4+6+5+3=18,$ not $20.$ Also have your program report the percentages as well as the counts. The percentages should be shown with one digit after the decimal, and they should add up to $100\%($neglecting any round$-$off error$).$

Test your program a few times, and note the relative number of each generated value. Assuming an even distribution, you would see the same counts for each value, i$.$e$.0$ would be generated $25\%$ of the time, $1$ would be $25\%$ of the time, etc. The more values the program generates, the closer to $25\%$ each one should be$.$

Prepare the log like you normally do: use "cat" to show the C programs, use $"$gcc$"$ to compile them, and show that the programs run.