Part 2:What were some of thecognitive challengeshe/she faced? What stages during your child's life were you most concerned with his/her cognitive development? How did you work as a parent to help them overcome them? Give specific parenting strategies you utilized to handle cognitive challenges.

Nancy's gross motor skills are within the average range, for example, climbing, riding on trikes, climbing, kicking balls and playing catch. Encouraging more of these activities would be a good idea.

Nancy was above average in understanding quantitative relationships such as "more/less", "longer/shorter", in counting skills, in classifying objects (e.g., types of animals) and in solving age-appropriate reasoning tasks. Your friend recommended that you continue to follow Nancy's interests, and to work on these skills indirectly (e.g., encourage counting as a part of games or other activities Nancy enjoys), rather than trying to teach them directly.

She performed about average in copying designs, solving picture puzzles, and building block towers to match one made by the examiner. Your friend encouraged you to promote any of these activities that Nancy enjoys.

She scored about average in language comprehension and production. For example, when asked to tell a story about a funny picture, she was able to give the broad outlines as well as a few interesting details. Your friend recommended having more conversations with Nancy about anything of interest, reading aloud, watching educational television together and going to places of interest to her.

Based on the testing situation and the observations at the preschool, your friend thought that Nancy was outgoing and not at all hesitant to get involved in activities at preschool. However, she noted that Nancy was having some difficulties complying with instructions and sticking by the rules of the preschool. When tasks became challenging she tended to get frustrated and upset, and gave up early. She seemed to need a lot of guidance from the teacher to stay on task. Nancy had a couple of little friends in the preschool, but she observed Nancy get into several arguments with her friends, and actually shove another child (not one of her friends) in order to get a toy. She recommended that you try to be extra affectionate with Nancy and provide a lot of praise at home for positive behavior. At the same time, you should communicate the rules clearly and use a set of graded consequences (e.g., first a warning, then a time out, then removal of privileges) if Nancy does not follow the rules.

You filled out a parenting questionnaire. The developmental specialist reported that your scores indicate you are about average in warmth and affection displayed toward Nancy.The parenting questionnaire scores indicate you are currently about average in the discipline and control you exercise with Nancy.