Part A

What is the role of DNA polymerase during DNA synthesis?

DNA polymerase provides the free energy to catalyze theendergonic addition of a nucleotide onto the 3’ end of a growingDNA strand.

DNA polymerase removes inorganic phosphate from the templatestrand of DNA to catalyze the polymerization reaction.

DNA polymerase is the enzyme that catalyzes the addition of anucleotide onto the 3’ end of a growing DNA strand.

DNA polymerase catalyzes the synthesis of the template strandof DNA.

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Part B

A hydroxyl is present at the 3’ end of the growing DNA strand.What is at the 5’ end?

a ribose

a deoxyribose

a nitrogenous base

a phosphate group

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Part C

Addition of a nucleotide onto a DNA strand is an endergonicreaction. What provides the energy to drive the reaction?

Binding of the pre-existing new strand, the template strand,and the incoming nucleotide to the active site of the DNApolymerase

Release of pyrophosphate from the incoming nucleotide, and thenhydrolysis of the pyrophosphate to inorganic phosphate

The dehydration reaction between the 5’-phosphate of theincoming nucleotide and the 3’-OH of the growing strand of DNA

Complementary bases on the template and the incoming nucleotideare attracted to each other, releasing free energy.

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Part D

Given a template strand of 3’-ATGCTTGGACA-5’ and apartially-made complementary strand containing only 5’-TAC-3’, whatwould be the sequence of the new strand of DNA (including the5’-TAC-3’) if the only additional nucleotides available to DNApolymerase were those containing the bases G, A, and C?

5’-TACGAACC-3’

5’-GAACC-3’

5’-TAC-3’; All four nucleotides are required for DNA polymeraseto function.

3’-TACGAACCTGT-5’

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Part E

What materials does DNA polymerase require in order tosynthesize a complete strand of DNA?

Select all that apply.

Single-stranded DNA template

ATP

All four deoxyribonucleotides triphosphates (containing A, C,T, or G)

Inorganic phosphate

3'-OH end of the new DNA strand

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