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Pasti Berhad values advertise and sell residential property on behalf of its customers. The company has been in business for only a short time and

Pasti Berhad values advertise and sell residential property on behalf of its customers. The company has been in business for only a short time and is preparing a cash budget for the first four months of the year 2020. The expected sales of residential properties are as follows.

Year 2019 2020 2020 2020 2020
Month December January February March April
Units Sold 10 10 15 25 30

The average price of each property is RM180,000 and Pasti Berhad charges a fee of 3% of the value of each property sold. Pasti Berhad receives 1% in the month of sale and the remaining 2% in the month after sale. The company has ten employees who are paid monthly. The average salary per employee is RM36,000 per year. If more than 20 properties are sold each month, each employee will be paid in that month a bonus of RM1,500 for each additional property sold.

Variable expenses are incurred at the rate of 50% of the value of each property sold and these expenses are paid in the month of sale. Fixed overheads of RM44,300 per month are paid in the month in which they arise. Pasti Berhad pays interest every three months on a loan of RM200,000 at a rate of 6% per year. The last interest payment in each year is paid in December.

Outstanding tax liability of RM95,800 is due to be paid in April. In the same month, Pasti Berhad intends to dispose of surplus vehicles, with a net book value of RM15,000, for RM20,000. The cash balance at the start of January 2020 is expected to be a deficit of RM40,000.

Required: a) Prepare a monthly cash budget for the period from January to April. Your budget must clearly indicate each item of income and expenditure, and the opening and closing monthly cash balances. b) Discuss the factors to be considered by Pasti Berhad in planning ways to invest any cash surplus forecast by its cash budgets. c) Discuss the TWO (2) advantages and TWO (2) disadvantages to Pasti Berhad of using overdraft finance to fund any cash shortages forecast by its cash budgets.

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