Pat James, the purchasing agent for a local plant of the Oakden Electronics Division, was con$-$ sidering the possible purchase of a component from a new supplier. The component$$s purchase price, $$0\mathrm{.}90,$ compared favorably with the standard price of $$1\mathrm{.}10.$ Given the quantity that would be purchased, Pat knew that the favorable price variance would help to offset an unfavor$-$ able variance for another component. By offsetting the unfavorable variance, his overall perfor$-$ mance report would be impressive and good enough to help him qualify for the annual bonus. More importantly, a good performance rating this year would help him to secure a position at division headquarters at a significant salary increase.

Purchase of the part, however, presented Pat with a dilemma. Consistent with his past be$-$ havior, Pat made inquiries regarding the reliability of the new supplier and the part$$s quality. Reports were basically negative. The supplier had a reputation for making the first two or three deliveries on schedule but being unreliable from then on$.$ Worse, the part itself was of question$-$ able quality. The number of defective units was only slightly higher than that for other suppliers, but the life of the component was $25\%$ less than what normal sources provided.

If the part were purchased, no problems with deliveries would surface for several months. The problem of shorter life would cause eventual customer dissatisfaction and perhaps some loss of sales, but the part would last at least $18$ months after the final product began to be used. If all went well, Pat expected to be at headquarters within $6$ months. He saw little personal risk associated with a decision to purchase the part from the new supplier. By the time any problems surfaced, they would belong to his successor. With this rationalization, Pat decided to purchase the component from the new supplier.