Paul and all other parties or entities are domiciled or doing business in the fictional state of Aurora

The State of Aurora has adopted the doctrine of comparative negligence in the State.

The State of Aurora's Dept. of Public Safety has determined that at any given time, 78% of all motorcycle riders will have lost control of their bikes resulting in fall-over type accidents with a high propensity for injury to rider's legs and feet

Designer is the sole motorcycle designer providing manufacturing designs and specifications to DreamBike Manufacturing

The most popular model of the DreamBike is the XL100 which is designed for high speeds

DreamBike Manufacturing is the sole manufacturer of the XL100 motorcycle. In June, Paul purchased an XL100 motorcycle from Dealer, a motorcycle sales retailer in Aurora.

Dealer sells several makes and models of motorcycles but aggressively markets the XL100 because of its popularity and because of the profit margin Dealer gains upon each sale of an XL100

Brochures on Dealer's premises portray the XL100 with chrome siderails built onto the sides of the motorcycles

The XL100 purchased by Paul had no chrome siderails. Inquiring about the absence of the safety siderails, Paul was told by Dealer's salesperson that:

While siderails were part of the design and manufacturing specifications, this particular bike had been shipped from Manufacturer without the rails.

And in any event the lack of siderails would make the motorcycle lighter-weight and faster and this would be a positive for Paul

In July Paul's bike went down while he was trying to avoid debris in traffic lanes on the freeway. As a result, Paul's right leg suffered severe crushing and had to be amputated.

Prior to filing a lawsuit, Paul was able to learn the following:

The Design plans for the XL 100 provide for installation of siderails

DreamBike Manufacturing's assembler forgot to install the siderails and DreamBike's quality control inspector failed to notice the missing siderails.

Dealer received the XL100 without siderails, took no remedial action, and in fact did not alert Paul to any problems, instead suggesting that the lack of siderails made the motorcycle more attractive to a buyer

What theory or theories, if any, can Paul assert for products liability against:

Designer?

DreamBike Manufacturing?

Dealer?