Permabilt Corp. was incorporated on January 1, 2016, and issued the following stock for cash: 4,000,000 shares of no-par common stock were authorized; 1,750,000 shares were issued on January 1, 2016, at $45 per share. 1,800,000 shares of $100 par value, 7.5% cumulative, preferred stock were authorized, and 840,000 shares were issued on January 1, 2016, at $105 per share. Net income for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2017, and 2018, was $38,000,000, $46,000,000, and $57,000,000, respectively. No dividends were declared or paid during 2016 or 2017. However, on December 17, 2018, the board of directors of Permabilt Corp. declared dividends of $64,000,000, payable on February 9, 2019, to holders of record as of January 4, 2019. 1. Use the horizontal model for the issuance of common stock and preferred stock on January 1, 2016.