permitted carry-back is two years? 3. The federal corporate income tax rate is 35 percent and firms may carry-back losses for two years and carry-forward losses for 20 years. The carry-back must occur before carry-forward. A corporation breaks even in year 1, earns $30,000 in year 2, but operates at a loss of $90,000 in year 3. It earns $70,000 in year 4, breaks even in year 5, and earns $40,000 in year 6. What are the taxes paid or refunded in each year?