Pfizer Inc., a pharmaceutical company, reported the following hypothetical data for the year 2013: Total assets of 9283 million, land of 29 million, intangible assets of 289 million, net income of $728 million, retained earnings at the end of the year of $2,839 million and dividends of $283 million. If there were no other transactions during the year that affected retained earnings, what was the balance of retained earnings at the beginning of 2013?