Ph3LC, Week 5 Lab Report - The Oscilloscope

(1 point for date/time/lab instructor/group member info & for overall writing clarity)

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5.2.2: Calibration of the Force Transducer (6 points)

Objective(1 point) - please write 1-2 complete sentences, & do not copy this directly from the "Goal" section:By applying a known force and measuring the related voltage output, the calibration experiment for the force transducer aims to ascertain its sensitivity, which can be stated in newtons per volt.

Description of experiment(1 point)-Describe the particularities of your apparatus (rough diagram + equipment). Document how measurements were made. Mention assumptions (2-5 sentences)In order to conduct the experiment, the force transducer output must be connected to a digital multimeter (DMM), and the transducer's "ZERO ADJUST" must be adjusted until the DMM reads 0 volts. Then, in order to apply a known force (F = m * g, where m is the mass and g is the acceleration due to gravity), a weight of around 200 grams is suspended from the transducer. It is measured to find the voltage output that corresponds to this known force. There is assumed to be very little friction and precise mass measurement.

Measure the voltage via the process described in this section (1 point, include units):

Determine the calibration of your transducerin Newtons/volts, including your calculation of m * g as well (2 points):

Conclusion(1 point):

5.2.3: Static Equilibrium (20 points)

Objective(1 point):

In order to confirm the vectorial character of static forces, weights are suspended from two pulleys on a force table, and a force transducer is attached to a third pulley in the static equilibrium experiment. In order to reach equilibrium, the experiment's goals are to measure the angles between the clamps and the tension on the force transducer and to compare the observed values with predictions from theory.

Description of experiment(1 point)-Describe the particularities of your apparatus (rough diagram + equipment). Document how measurements were made. Mention assumptions (2-5 sentences)

Weights are suspended from two pulleys on the force table for the static equilibrium experiment, and the force transducer is fastened to a different pulley. The device is adjusted until the equilibrium is shown by the middle of the ring. Masses and angles are measured, and the transducer's voltage output and calibration are used to compute the force acting on it. By assuming minimal friction and precise measurements, the experiment seeks to compare observed forces with theoretical estimates based on the observed angles and masses.

Masses of holder 1 and holder 2(1 point):

Table 1 - Measurements & Calculated Values(8 points):

*please make sure you follow the directions in the manual for your 2^nd and 3^rd trials!

m1 (g)	m2 (g)	1 (degrees)	2 measured (degrees)	2 expected (degrees)	DMM voltage (+ units)	Measured force from transducer (+ units)	Predicted force on transducer (+ units)

Sample calculations (4 points):

m1 & m2, ₂expected, measured force from transducer, and predicted force on transducer

Table 2 - Discrepancies from expected values(3 points)

*m₁ and m₂ columns should be exactly the same as above, this is just a separate table to make things easier to read

m1 (g)	m2 (g)	Discrepancy (% error) in 2	Discrepancy (% error) between measured and predicted transducer force

Sample calculations for both types of discrepancy (2 points):

Conclusion(1 point):

5.2.4: Impulse (13 points)

Objective(1 point):

In the impulse experiment, collision data from an air track glider crashing with various materials (rubber band for elastic collisions and putty for inelastic collisions) is analyzed in order to confirm the relationship between impulse () and change in momentum ( = ).

Description of experiment(1 point)-Document how measurements were made. Mention assumptions if relevant. (1-5 sentences):

Data from collisions between an air track glider and an elastic rubber band and an inelastic piece of putty are analyzed as part of the experiment. Values for mass (m), distances (x, y, -, 6), and the transducer calibration constantwhich converts voltage to forceare all included in the data set. Use the formula = - (6 ) = C&23 5. (G- + G6) as provided in Prelab Question 3 to compute for the elastic collision. Using the procedure outlined in Prelab Question 4, estimate for each of the two collisions by taking +75 as the greatest force and calculating the Full Width Half greatest (FWHM) to obtain . For every sort of collision, compare with to assess the correlation between impulse and momentum change. The precision of the data presented and the linear relationship between force and

***For all of the following calculations, make sure you show your work/set-up of every equation if you want full credit!

Elastic Collision Data:

Calculate p using the formula in Prelab Question 3(1 point - include units):

Estimate F * dt using the method in Prelab Question 4 and the equations in Prelab Question 3. Make sure you show your calculations of dt and the maximum force here as well.(2 points - include units):

Compare your p value to your Fdt value (i.e. find the discrepancy/% error)(1 point):

Inelastic Collision Data:

Calculate p using the formula in Prelab Question 3(1 point - include units):

Estimate F * dt using the method in Prelab Question 4 and the equations in Prelab Question 3. Make sure you show your calculations of dt and the maximum force here as well.(2 points - include units):

Compare your p value to your Fdt value (i.e. find the discrepancy/% error)(1 point)

How does the impulse of the elastic collision compare in size to that of the inelastic one? Explain why this should be so.(2 points)

Conclusion(1 point)