Physical Science I - PHYS 1415 Lab 1 - Newton's Second Law of Motion Purpose To develop an understanding of Newton's Second Law of Motion through the use of a computer simulation demonstrating the relationship between force, mass and acceleration. Discussion Newton's Second Law helps us understand the qualitative relationship between the force, motion and acceleration of an object. We are also aware of these relationships intuitively. We know force and acceleration have a proportional relationship; if we were to increase the force on an object, it's acceleration would increase. We also know that mass and acceleration have an inverse relationship; if we were to keep the force at a constant, and increase the mass of an object, it's acceleration would decrease. Procedure SETUP Open the simulation: https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/cheerpi/motion-series/latest/motion- series.html?simulation=forces-and-motion PART A: Introduction Once the simulation opens, ensure the first tab (at the top left) is selected and opened, Introduction. Step 1: The relationship between force and acceleration a. Click and approve the "Reset All" button. Under the "Vectors" menu box on the right, check the box for "Sum of Forces." Keep all other default settings as they are. The sum of forces vector is the acceleration of the object. b. In the box labeled, Applied Force, enter 200 N. Press the play button and observes what happens to the crate and Fsum or acceleration vector. Increment the Applied Force by 50 N, and note what happens. Continue in increments until the small crate moves. (You can move the box back to the original starting position, either by clicking "Reset All" every time between increments and checking the box for "Sum of Forces," OR by changing the "Object Position" to "-8" m every time.) c. Fill the entire table below with data points.Physical Science I PHYS 1415 d. g. Acceleration Yes No Applied Force 200 In the box labeled, "Applied Force," enter 1,000 N. Press the play button and observes what happens to the crate and changes to the acceleration vector, if any. Describe what happens to the motion ofthe crate, as well as, the acceleration vector compared to the final Applied Force value (you measured the crate to move at] in your table above. Predict. Click and approve the "Reset All" button. Under the "Vectors" menu box on the right, check the box for "Sum of Forces.\" Keep all other default settings as they are. The sum of forces vector {'5 the acceleration ofthe object. Click and select the lo ad below to be "Refrigerator: 200kg" now, instead of"Small Crate.\" Change the Applied Force to the final Applied Force value [you measured the small crate to move at] in the table above. Predict what will happen to the acceleration ofthe Refrigerator. Observe. Press the play button and observes what happens to the Refrigerator and changes to the acceleration vector, if any. Describe what happens to the motion ofthe Refrigerator, as well as, the acceleration vector compared to what happened in part c above. Explain. Physical Science I - PHYS 1415 What happened to the acceleration of the load as we initially increased the force? What happened to the acceleration when we used this force for a load of greater mass? How does this relate to Newton's Second Law and the relationship between force and acceleration? Step 2: The relationship between mass and acceleration . Prediction. Click and approve the "Reset All" button. Under the "Vectors" menu box on the right, check the box for "Sum of Forces." Keep all other default settings as they are. The sum of forces vector is the acceleration of the object. Click and select the load below to be "Textbook." In the box labeled, "Applied Force," enter 200 N. What do you think will happen to the acceleration of the load? b. Observation. Press the play button and describe what happens to the acceleration of the book. c. Keeping the Applied Force at a constant of 200 N. Change load to the next increment in mass (i.e. sleepy dog) and observes what happens to it and the acceleration vector once you play the simulation. Continue to increment the load in size, and note what happens in the table below. (You can move the load back to the original starting position, either by clicking "Reset All" every time between increments and checking the box for "Sum of Forces," OR by changing the "Object Position" to "-8" m every time.) Load Mass (kg) Acceleration (Yes/ No) Textbook 10 25 50 100Physical Science I - PHYS 1415 d. Explain. Use Newton's Second Law of motion to relate the relationship observed between mass and acceleration