Pittman Company is a small but growing manufacturer of telecommunications equipment. The company has no sales force of its own; rather, it relies completely on independent sales agents to market its products. These agents are paid a sales commission of 15% for all items sold.

Barbara Cheney, Pittman's controller, has just prepared the company's budgeted income statement for next year. The statement follows:

Pittman Company

Budgeted Income Statement

For the Year Ended December 31Sales$18,700,000Manufacturing expenses:Variable$7,650,000Fixed overhead2,700,00010,350,000Gross margin8,350,000Selling and administrative expenses:Commissions to agents2,805,000Fixed marketing expenses210,000*Fixed administrative expenses2,250,0005,265,000Net operating income$3,085,000Fixed interest expenses630,000Income before income taxes2,455,000Income taxes (25%)613,750Net income1,841,250*Primarily depreciation on storage facilities.

As Barbara handed the statement to Karl Vecci, Pittman's president, she commented, "I went ahead and used the agents' 15% commission rate in completing these statements, but we've just learned that they refuse to handle our products next year unless we increase the commission rate to 20%."

"That's the last straw," Karl replied angrily. "Those agents have been demanding more and more, and this time they've gone too far. How can they possibly defend a 20% commission rate?"

"They claim that after paying for advertising, travel, and the other costs of promotion, there's nothing left over for profit," replied Barbara.

"I say it's just plain robbery," retorted Karl. "And I also say it's time we dumped those guys and got our own sales force. Can you get your people to work up some cost figures for us to look at?"

"We've already worked them up," said Barbara. "Several companies we know about pay a 8.4% commission to their own salespeople, along with a small salary. Of course, we would have to handle all promotion costs, too. We figure our fixed expenses would increase by $2,805,000 per year, but that would be more than offset by the $3,740,000 (20% $18,700,000) that we would avoid on agents' commissions."

The breakdown of the $2,805,000 cost follows:

Salaries:Sales manager$190,000Salespersons1,050,000Travel and entertainment760,000Advertising805,000Total$2,805,000

"Super," replied Karl. "And I noticed that the $2,805,000 is just what we're paying the agents under the old 15% commission rate."

"It's even better than that," explained Barbara. "We can actually save $120,000 a year because that's what we're having to pay the auditing firm now to check out the agents' reports. So our overall administrative costs would be less."

"Pull all of these numbers together and we'll show them to the executive committee tomorrow," said Karl. "With the approval of the committee, we can move on the matter immediately."

Required:1.Compute Pittman Company's break-even point in dollar sales for next year assuming:(Enter your answer in whole dollars and not in thousands. Round CM ratio to 3 decimal places and final answer to the nearest dollar amount.)

a.The agents' commission rate remains unchanged at 15%.

Break-even point in dollar sales____?

b.The agents' commission rate is increased to 20%.

Break-even point in dollar sales____?

c.The company employs its own sales force.

Break-even point in dollar sales____?