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READ A wave is a traveling oscillator that carries energy from one place to another. A high point of a wave is called a crest. A low point is called a trough. The amplitude of a wave is half the distance from a crest to a trough. The distance from one crest to the next is called the wavelength. Wavelength can also be measured from trough to trough or from any point on the wave to the next place where that point occurs. Amplitude One wavelength is crest to crest Crest Trough The speed of a wave Frequency (hertz) Speed (m/sec)- v = f - Wavelength (meters) EXAMPLE The frequency of a wave is 40 Hz and its speed is 100 meters per second. What is the wavelength of this wave? Looking for The wavelength. Solution Given 100 m/sec 100 m/sec Frequency = 40hz 40 cycles/sec = Wavelength 40 Hz Speed = 100 m/s Relationship 2.5 meters = Wavelength Speed = Frequency . Wavelength, therefore The wavelength of this wave is 2.5 meters. Speed/Frequency = Wavelength10. [-/1 Points] DETAILS MY NOTES ASK YOUR TEACHE Calculate the wavelength of violet light that has a frequency of 7.50 x 1014 Hz. m 11. [-/1 Points] DETAILS MY NOTES ASK YOUR TEACHER What is the frequency of a microwave with a 35 centimeter wavelength? Hz 12. [5/16 Points] DETAILS PREVIOUS ANSWERS MY NOTES ASK YOUR TEACHER The Electromagnetic Spectrum Radio waves, microwaves, visible light, and x-rays are familiar kinds of electromagnetic waves. All of these waves have characteristic wavelengths and frequencies. Wavel meters. It describes the length of one complete oscillation. Frequency describes the number of complete oscillations per second. It is measured in hertz, which is another second." The higher the wave's frequency, the more energy it carries. Radio and Microwaves Infrared Visible Ultraviolet X rays Gamma television light light light raysThe Electromagnetic Spectrum Radio waves, microwaves, visible light, and x-rays are familiar kinds of electromagnetic waves. All of these waves have characteristic wavelengths and frequencies. Wavelength is measured in meters. It describes the length of one complete oscillation. Frequency describes the number of complete oscillations per second. It is measured in hertz, which is another way of saying "cycles per second." The higher the wave's frequency, the more energy it carries. Radio and Microwaves Infrared Visible Ultraviolet X rays Gamma television light light light rays Radar Cooking Heat Sterilizers Medicine Medicine Radio lamps Cell phones Black Industry Research TV TV remote lights Research Nuclear Wireless controls energy networking Low energy High energy Low frequency High frequency Long wavelength Short wavelength Frequency, wavelength, and speed In a vacuum, all electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed - 3.00 x 10 m/sec. This quantity is often called "the speed of light" but it really refers to the speed of all electromagnetic waves, not just visible light. It is such an important quantity in physics that it has its own symbol, c. The speed of light is related to frequency f and wavelength 1 by the formula to the right.Frequency, wavelength, and speed In a vacuum, all electromagnetic waves travel at the same speed - 3.00 x 10% m/sec. This quantity is often called "the speed of light" but it really refers to the speed of all electromagnetic waves, not just visible light. It is such an important quantity in physics that it has its own symbol, c. The speed of light is related to frequency f and wavelength 1 by the formula to the right. THE SPEED OF LIGHT (relationship between frequency and wavelength) Wavelength (m) Speed of light c = fx (3 x 108 m/sec) Frequency (Hz) The different colors of light that we see correspond to different frequencies. The frequency of red light is lower than the frequency of blue light. Because the speed of both kinds of light is the same, a lower frequency wave has a longer wavelength. A higher frequency wave has a shorter wavelength. Therefore, red light's wavelength is longer than blue light's. When we know the frequency of light, the wavelength is given by the following. 1 = 7 When we know the wavelength of light, the frequency is given by the following. 1 = ] PRACTICE (a) A red light has a longer wavelength than a yellow light. Which color of light has the higher frequency? -Select- (b) A blue light has a higher frequency than a green light. Which color of light hasPRACTICE (a) A red light has a longer wavelength than a yellow light. Which color of light has the higher frequency? ---Select--- (b) A blue light has a higher frequency than a green light. Which color of light has the longer wavelength? ---Select-- (c) Calculate the wavelength of blue light with a frequency of 664 x 1012 Hz. m (d) Calculate the frequency of green light with a wavelength of 530 x 10-9 m. Hz (e) Calculate the wavelength of red light with a frequency of 460 x 1012 Hz. m (f) Calculate the frequency of yellow light with a wavelength of 580 x 10-9 m. Hz (9) One light beam has wavelength, 21, and frequency, f1. Another light beam has wavelength, 12, and frequency, f2. Write a proportion that shows how the ratio of the wavelengths of these two light beams is related to the ratio of their frequencies. (Use f_1 for f, and f_2 for f2). 12 = 1 2/1 _1 *symbolic formatting help (h) The waves used by a microwave oven to cook food have a frequency of 2.45 gigahertz (2.45 x 109 Hz). Calculate the wavelength of this type of wave. m (i) A radio station has a frequency of 90.7 megahertz (9.07 x 10' Hz). What is the wavelength of the radio waves the station emits from its radio tower? m(h) The waves used by a microwave oven to cook food have a frequency of 2.45 gigahertz (2.45 x 109 Hz). Calculate the wavelength of this type of wave. m (i) A radio station has a frequency of 90.7 megahertz (9.07 x 10' Hz). What is the wavelength of the radio waves the station emits from its radio tower? m (j) An X-ray has a wavelength of 5.2 nanometers (5.2 x 1079 m). What is the frequency of x-rays? Hz (k) The ultraviolet rays that cause sunburn are called UV-B rays. They have a wavelength of approximately 245 nanometers (2.45 x 10" m). What is the frequency of a UV-B ray? Hz (1) Infrared waves from the sun are what make our skin feel warm on a sunny day. If an infrared wave has a frequency of 5.5 x 1012 Hz, what is its wavelength? m