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a) compute the return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) for 2016 (8 points) (b) Complete the DuPont disaggregation of return on equity (ROE) for 2016 . Analyze the DuPont financial ratios and discuss how Cisco Systems Inc. can achieve a high ROE. (12 points) (c) Compute net operating assets (NOA) for 2016. Note, for the balance sheet items of Cisco Systems, non-operating assets include cash and cash equivalents, and investments. Nonoperating liabilities include short-term debt and long-term debt. (6 points) Cisco Systems, Inc. is a multinational information technology company headquartered in San Jose, California, that produces and sells networking hardware, telecommunications equipment and other high-technology services. Cisco Systems was founded in December 1984 by Leonard Bosack and Sandy Lemer, two Stanford University computer scientists, who pioneered the concept of a local area network (LAN). In 1990, Cisco Systems went public with a market capitalization of \$224 million. By 2000, Cisco had become the most valuable company in the world with a more than $500 billion market capitalization. The stock was initially listed on the NASDAQ in 1990 , and then was added to the Dow Jones Industrial Average on June 8, 2009. Cisco is currently included in the S\&P 500 Index, the Russell 1000 Index, NASDAQ-100 Index and the Russell 1000 Growth Stock Index. 1 As Figure 1 shows, the stock price of Cisco Systems peaked in 1999-2000 before the burst of internet bubble. However, its stock price has been fluctuating in the range of \$10-\$30 since 2001. Cisco Systems Inc. Consolidated Statements of Income Net income $10,739$8,981 2 Cisco Systems Inc. Consolidated Balance Sheets In millions, except par value July 30, 2016 July 25, 2015 Assets Current assets Cash and cash equivalents Investments $7,63158,125$6,87753,539 \begin{tabular}{lll} Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $249 & 5,847 & 5,344 \\ at July 30,2016 and $302 at July 25,2015 & 1,217 & 1,627 \\ Inventories & 4,272 & 4,491 \\ Financing receivables, net & 1,627 & 1,490 \\ Other current assets & 78,719 & 73,368 \\ \hline Total current assets & 3,506 & 3,332 \\ \hline Property and equipment, net & 4,158 & 3,858 \\ Financing receivables, net & 26,625 & 24,469 \\ \hline Goodwill & 2,501 & 2,376 \\ \hline Purchased intangible assets, net & 4,299 & 4,454 \\ \hline Deferred tax assets & 1,844 & 1,516 \\ \hline Other assets & $121,652 & $113,373 \end{tabular} Liabilities Current liabilities Short-termdebtAccountspayableIncometaxespayableAccruedcompensationDeferredrevenueOthercurrentliabilitiesTotalcurrentliabilitiesLong-termdebtIncometaxespayableDeferredrevenueOtherlong-termliabilitiesTotalliabilities$4,1601,0565172,95110,1556,07224,91124,4839256,3171,43158,067$3,8971,104623,0499,8245,47623,41221,4571,8765,3591,56253,666 Cisco Systems Inc. Consolidated Balance Sheets In millions, except par value July 30,2016 July 25, 2015 Cisco shareholders' equity Preferred stock, no par value: 5 shaes authorized; none issued and outstanding Common stock and additional paid-in capital, \$0.001 par value: 20,000 shares authorized; 5,029 and 5,085 shares issued and outstanding at July 30,2016 and July 25,2015 , respectively Retained earnings Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) Total Cisco shareholders' equity Noncontrolling interests Total equity Total liabilities and equity 44,51619,396(326)63,586(1)63,58543,59216,04559619$9,707$113,373