Please answer question 1.
Part I.
In the first part, you will use a hypothetical dataset 'Anti-inflammation drug and Covid-19 trial data Wi21 FE.xlsx', comparing the effectiveness of three anti-inflammation drugs/treatments in helping patients recover from Covid-19 (i.e., how long it takes to recover and be discharged from the hospital). Recovery is operationalized as length of stay in the hospital or number of days to be discharged from the hospital. In other words, we want to see which of these three drugs/treatments help patients recover fastest from Covid-19 using length of hospital stay as a proxy. (As we witnessed over the past year or so, hospitals are overwhelmed with Covid-19 patients and speedy recovery is critical.)
The independent/predictor variable is the Treatment with three randomly assigned group of Covid-19 patients: Group #1 received the standard treatment that includes the drug Dexamethasone, Group #2 received treatment that includes the new drug Tocilizumab, Group #3 received treatment that includes the new drug Sarilumab.
The dependent/outcome variable is recovery time, i.e., the number of days to be discharged from the hospital.
This dataset includes three additional variables that may make difference in recovery time regardless of drug/treatment they are receiving:
- Age (Age)
- Sex (Sex) (1=Female, 2=Male)
- Race/Ethnicity (1=Asian, 2=American Indian/Alaskan Native, 3=Black/African American, 4=Hispanic, 5=Native Hawaiian, 6=White, 7=Mixed race)
Question 1-
Copy and paste each univariate graphs and descriptive tables under each variable listed below. Then describe trends, patterns and exceptions depicted in each graph and/or table.
- Variable isTreatment
Descriptive Statistics Std. Mean Deviation N Covid 19 patients days 11.68 4.002 149 to discharge from the hospital Anti-inflammatory 2.00 .818 210 drugs /treatment covid 19 patientsCopy and paste each univariate graphs and descriptive tables under each variable listed below. Then describe trends, patterns and exceptions depicted in each graph and/or table. (5 points) 1. Treatment Anti-inflammatory drugs/treatment covid 19 patients Anti-inflammatory drugs/treatment covid 19 patients 120 stabev N = 210 10 60 80 40 Frequency Frequency 60 20 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 Dexamethasone Tocilizumab Sarilumab Anti-inflammatory drugs/treatment covid 19 patients Anti-inflammatory drugs/treatment covid 19 patients Anti-inflammatory drugs/treatment covid 19 patients Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent Valid Dexamethasone 70 33.3 33.3 33.3 Tocilizumab 70 33.3 33.3 66.7 6805631 Sarilumab 70 33.3 33.3 100.0 Total 210 100.0 100.0 Dexamethasone Tocilizumab Sarilumab Anti-inflammatory drugs/treatment covid 19 patientsCase Processing Summary Cases Descriptives Anti-inflammatory Valid Missing Total Anti-inflammatory drugs/treatment covid 19 patients Statistic Std. Error drugs/treatment covid 19 patients N Percent N Percent N Percent Covid 19 patients days Dexamethasone Mean 16.37 477 to discharge from the 24 34.3% 100.0% hospital 95% Confidence Interval Lower Bound 70 15.41 Covid 19 patients days Dexamethasone 46 65.7% for Mean Upper Bound 17.33 to discharge from the hospital Tocilizumab 51 72.9% 19 27.1% 70 100.0% 5% Trimmed Mean 16.47 Sarilumab 52 74.3% 18 25.7% 70 100.0% Median 17.00 Variance 10.460 Tests of Normality Std. Deviation 3.234 Minimum 9 Anti-inflammatory Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk Maximum 22 drugs/treatment covid Range 13 19 patient Statistic df Sig Statistic df Sig. Interquartile Range 3 Covid 19 patients days Dexamethasone 215 46 .000 883 46 .000 Skewness .933 .350 Kurtosis 423 .688 to discharge from the hospital Tocilizumab 158 51 003 941 51 013 Tocilizumab Mean 9.96 254 Sarilumab 133 52 .021 .951 52 .033 95% Confidence Interval Lower Bound 9.45 for Mean Upper Bound 10.47 a. Lilliefors Significance Correction 5% Trimmed Mean 9.98 Median 10.00 Variance 3.278 Std. Deviation 1.811 Minimum Maximum 13 Range 7 Normal Q-Q Plot of Covid 19 patients days to discharge from the hospital Interquartile Range for Treatment= Dexamethasone Skewness 082 .333 Kurtosis -.750 656 N Sarilumab Mean 9.21 311 95% Confidence Interval Lower Bound 8.59 for Mean Upper Bound 9.84 1 5% Trimmed Mean 9.22 Median 9.00 Variance 5.033 Std. Deviation 2.243 0 Minimum Maximum 13 Expected Normal Range 8 Interquartile Range -1 Skewness -.080 330 Kurtosis -1.001 .650 -2 -3 5 10 15 20 25 Observed ValueNormal Q-Q Plot of Covid 19 patients days to discharge from the hospital Normal Q-Q Plot of Covid 19 patients days to discharge from the hospital for Treatment= Sarilumab for Treatment= Tocilizumab Expected Normal Expected Normal -2 31 10 12 14 10 12 Observed Value Observed Value Correlations Covid 19 Anti- patients days inflammatory to discharge drugs/treatm from the ent covid 19 hospital patients Covid 19 patients days Pearson Correlation -.715" to discharge from the hospital Sig. (2-tailed) 000 Sum of Squares and 2370.537 -344.067 Cross-products Covariance 16.017 -2.325 N 149 149 Anti-inflammatory Pearson Correlation -.715 drugs/treatment covid 19 patients Sig. (2-tailed) .000 Sum of Squares and -344.067 140.000 Cross-products Covariance -2.325 670 N 149 210 **. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed)
