please answer questions 1-3! thank you!

Using Sensors, loT, and Al for Environmental Control at the Athens, Greece, International Airport The Problem Over 20 million passengers use the airport annually, and their number increases by more than 10 percent every year. Obviously, the number of flights is large and also increasing annually. The growth increases air pollution as well. The airport has a strong commitment to environmental protection, so management has looked for an environmental control solu. tion. The objective was to make the airport carbon neutral. The large number of planes in the air and on the ground and the fact that airplanes frequently move require advanced technologies for the solution. The Solution A reasonable way to deal with moving airplanes was to use lo'T, a technology that when combined with AI-based sensors enables environmental monitoring, analysis, and reporting, all of which provide the background information for decisions regarding minimizing the air pollution. Two companies combined their expertise for this project: EXM of Greece, which specializes in lot prediction analytics and innovative loT solutions, and libelium of the United States, which specializes in Al-related sensors, including those for environmental use. The objective of the project was to properly monitor air quality inside and outside the airport and to identify, in real time, the aircraft location on the ground and to take corrective actions whenever needed. Ad Hoc Air Quality Monitoring and Analysis The airport now has an air quality monitoring network. The solution includes Libelium's sensor (Continued) Application Case 13.1 (Continued) platform connected in a cost-effective manner. The different sensors measure temperature, humidity, atmosphere pressure, ozone level, and particulate matter. The readings of the sensors are transmitted to IoT for reporting and then analysis. The sensors were improved by using At features. Therefore, their accuracy increased. In addition, security and energy consumption are also being controlled. Aircraft Location at the Airport To identify the exact location of the aircrafts during takeoff and landing, the project uses acoustic measurement mechanisms. This is accomplished by using noise sensors placed in different locations. The sensors measure real-time noise level, which is evaluated by analytics. Overall, the system provides a noninvasive IoT solution. Placement of sensors was difficult due to safety, security, and regulation considerations. Therefore, the sound monitoring subsystem had to be self-managed (autonomous), bearing solar panels and batteries that provided the electricity. In addition, the system utilizes a dual wireless communicaion system (known as GPPS). The collected noise data are correlated with types of airplane and flights at the Io backend All data are analyzed by the airport environmen. tal department and used for decisions regateing. improvements of pollution control. Technology Support The solution combines an IoT system with AI-based analytics, visualization, and reporting and is exe. cuted in the cloud. In addition, the system has on. site sensors and communication infrastructures. Low-power wireless sensors monitor water and gas consumption indoors as well as air quality in the parking sites. Vendors' products, such as Microsofi Azure and IBM Bluemix, support the project and provide the necessary flexibility. Soures: Complled from Hedge (2017) and Twentyman (2017), QUeStIONS FOR CASE 13.1 1. What is the role of IoT in the project? 2. What is the role of sensors? 3. What are the benefits of the project