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Key Question: How do collisions influence the momentum of objects and how do we account for their relative influences mathematically? Collisions Aloving objects have momentum. But what happens when two objects moving in opposite directions crash into each other? Where does the momentum go? me students wanted to Investigate this problem, They set up two carts on an air track to minimize friction. The mass of each cart was measured. Cart 1 had a m icart i had a mass of 0.75 kg, cart 2 had a mass of 0.73 kg The students noted that sometimes objects stick together when they collide (completely Inelastic collision), and other times they rebound (elastic collision). To simplify their Investigation, they fitted magnets to the carts so that they would stick together when they collided. A radar speed gun was available to measure velocity before and after the collisions. * For the first investigation, cart 2 was made stationary In the center of the air track. Cart 1 was given a push in the rection of cart 2. The results of four trials that they carried out are shown In Table 1. Cart 1 Magnets Cart 2 Alr track Table 1 Velocity cart 1 Momentum cart 1 Velocity cart 2 Momentum cart 2 Velocity cart 182 (m/s) (kg m/s) (m/s) after collision Total momentum (kg m/s) of carts (kg m/s) (m/s) 0.52 0.00 0.26 0.64 0.00 0.33 0.32 0.00 0.16 0.13 0.00 0.07 The students then decided to investigate both carts in motion. They pushed the carts in opposite directions towards each other. They kept the magnets in place so that the carts would stick together after the collision. Because cart 2 was moving in the opposite direction of cart 1, the students recorded this as a negative velocity. The results of four trials that they carried out are shown in Table 2. Table 2 Velocity carl 1 Momentum cart 1 Velocity cart 2 - Momentum cart 2 Velocity cart 1&2 (m/s) (kg m/s) (m/s) (kg m/s) after collision Total momentum of m/s) carts (kg m/s) 0.41 -0.11 0.15 0.12 -0.35 -0.11 0.37 -0.36 0.01 0.29 -0.30 0.00 1. (a) Complete Tables 1 and 2 (above) by calculating the momentum of each cart: (b) Explain the students' results