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Ecor'iomics mum Real World; M ost states have mandatory seatbeit laws for drivers. Seatbelt legislation was passed to save lives. 'Fnat was its intent. Soon after states started adopting mandatory seatbelt laws. an economist undertook a study. He wanted to nd out if seatbelt laws really do save lives. His study showed that the number of car deaths before seatbelt laws was the same as the number of car deaths after seatbelt laws. This nding perplexed him. because common sense telis us that if you are in an accident. you have a better chance of swviving if you are wearing your seatbeit. So. what explained the economist's tinting? The answer lies in this simple equation: Number or car deaths = Number of accidents x Probability of being' killed in car accident Seatbelt laws lowered the probability of being killed in a car accident. But it they lowered this probability and the number of car deaths stayed the same (before and after seatbelt laws). then the only thing that can explain this nding is that the number of accidents had to rise. This is exactly what the economist found. One unintended effect of seatbelt laws is that the number of accidents increased. (Economists are interested in unintended effects.) Why did the number of accidents increase? Some people have suggested that drivers feel safer wearing a seatbelt and that drivers who feel safe are more likely to take risks on the road then drivers who do not feel safe. (Might drivers in large Hummers take more risks than drivers in Honda Civics?) Obviously. to be safe whlle diving a car. you should wear your seatbelt and drive as carefully as you would if you weren't wearing your seatbelt. In other words. don't let wearing a seatbelt lull you into driving recklessly. The intended effect of ABOUT IT Wang a safety cap on a medication bottle is to prevent children from getting into the medicine and eating it because they mistakenly think it is candy. What might be an unintended effect of placing safety caps on medications