please assist on answering the questions below

1.16 Read the following extract and answer question 1.16-1.17. (4 marks) A dull Reserve Bank meeting may be a good thing As markets get jittery about inflation and interest rates, the Bank is a sea of calm calculation ...Governor Leselja Kganyago will see having been able to keep interest rates at 50-year lows as a vindication of past policy. Two months ago, some of SA's peers in emerging markets, namely Turkey, Russia and Brazil, already tightened policy. "If you want lower interest rates you have got to have lower inflation, " Kganyago told Business Day a month ago, comments that made it clear the Bank is in no rush to raise interest rates, even though its projection model suggested that policy tightening would start in the second quarter. Source: https:/www.businesslive.co.za/bd/opinion/editorials/2021-05-19-editorial-a-dull-reserve-bank-meeting: may-be-a-good-thing! Accessed: 24/08/21 The view being expressed by Governor Lesetja Kganyago above are that of.. a) The monetarist approach to inflation b) Cost pull inflation c) Demand push inflation d) The conflict approach 1.17 In order to keep the interest rates low, which of the following instruments will it use? (4 marks) a) Quantitative easing b) Open-market policy c) Increase government spending d) Raise taxes 1.18 Read the following extract and answer question 1.18-1.19. (4 marks) SA agri posts trade surplus in Q2 despite ongoing Covid challenges The agriculture sector was able to operate during the various lockdown periods due to it being considered an essential service. Weather also came to the party and allowed for an excellent agriculture season which saw record crops across most commodities with the grain and oilseed crop topping 17.07m tonnes which is almost 2% higher year-on-year. Despite logistical challenges, the sector managed to move hefty quantity of produce to the rest of the world with the second quarter of 2021 recording a trade surplus of US$1.5m which is 40% ahead of the same period in 2020. Then follows a 36% year-on-year spike in total agriculture exports in quarter two of 2021 at US$3.2bn, bringing the total 1H2021 export value to US$6.1bn which is 30% higher year-on-year. The overall good export revenue was underpinned by strong export demand despite the Q2 Rand exchange rate appreciation of 6% quarter-on-quarter and 21% relative to the second quarter at R14.09/ USS. The average exchange rate appreciation for the first half of 2021 was a whopping 13% relative to the same period in 2020... Source: https://www.bizcommunity.com/Article/196/741/219249.html Accessed: 26/08/21 From the above extract, it can be concluded that South Africa trades in agricultural products with the rest of the world because of... a) absolute advantage b) investment in the global economy trade tariffs comparative advantage 1.19 As evident in the extract, the United States Dollar South African Rand exchange rate is... (4 marks) a) A fixed exchange rate b) A floating exchange rate c) A real exchange rate