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The film Unnatural Causes was released in 2008, but nearly all of the issues discussed in the segment In Sickness and in Wealth continue to be accurate today. As stated in the movie and these statistics are essentially true today) which of the following is true: The United States leads the world in gross national product (GNP), a measure of economic production, and also has the highest life expectancy of any nation in the world. The United States is ranked around 20 in GNP and in the top 5 for life expectancy. The United States leads the world in gross national product (GNP) but is ranked 30th in life expectancy. The United States is behind Germany in both gross national product (GNP) and life expectancy. The segment In Sickness and in Wealth argues the following about the causes of health and death: Access to medical care is the most important factor in lifetime health. The factors called "social determinants of health" are the major forces that shape the health outcomes of people in communities. The social determinants of health are over-rated factors and not really important. The social determinants of health perspective stresses that socialization, being around others, and talking a lot are critical to staying healthy. QUESTION 3 The segment In Sickness and in Wealth features an interview with Sir Michael Marmot of England, who explains the following about the Whitehall Studies conducted in the United Kingdom beginning in the 1960s and 1970s: The studies showed that British executives were the sickest members of the population because their stress levels were very high because of their job pressures. The highest paid executives and the lowest paid workers turned out to be the least healthy. Those with middle- level incomes were most healthy. The most important effect on health was smoking and alcohol use, much more so than social status and income. The lower the grade of employment, the worse the health, and income was a stronger predictor for health than lifestyle factors such as alcohol use and smoking. QUESTION 4 What does the segment In Sickness and in Wealth say about the difference between people in England and in the United States: The clear relationship between social status and health that exists in England also exists in the United States. Because England is a nation based on social class and the United States is a "classless society," the relationship between economics and health does not apply in the United States. People and England are, on average, much healthier than people in the United States. People in the United States are much healthier than in England. QUESTION 5 Based on what is discussed in the segment "In Sickness and in Wealth," which of the following is true: The health disparities that exist between African-Americans and white Americans is due to genetics. The health disparities that exist between African-Americans and white Americans can be explained by the fact that, on aggregate, African-Americans hold less income and/or earn less income than their white counterparts. Racial and ethnic disparities exist even among people with same income or wealth, indicating that racism and discrimination plays a strong role in the health gap between white Americans and African-Americans. There has been no reported differences in health status between African- American and white American populations. QUESTION 6 According to the Link and Phelan (1995) article "Social Conditions as Fundamental Causes of Disease," which of the following is true? Even if individuals address lifestyle risk factors such as exercise, diet, and smoking, and effectively prevent communicable diseases, there will still be an association between social living conditions and health. Social conditions relate to health because they are associated with lifestyles. Social conditions relate to health mainly because people living in lower socio- economic brackets are less likely to exercise. If we can eliminate smoking, there will no longer be a relationship between social conditions and cancer or heart disease. QUESTION 7 According to Link and Phelan (1995), social conditions include: Relationships with parents and children, jobs, race, neighborhood conditions and access to people to help you with stress and anxiety. Your genetic propensity to acquire a specific disease or illness. BOTH choice 1 and 2 NEITHER choice 1 and 2 QUESTION 8 According to Dan E. Beauchamp in his landmark paper, Public Health as Social Justice, it is not a lack of technology that is leading to excess deaths, but instead, what? An untrained medical workforce that is unprepared to treat emerging diseases A broken immigration system A social ideology that unfairly protects the most powerful from being concerned about disease prevention A political system that gives too much power to the President According to Beauchamp, what is the dominant model of justice that has prevailed in American life in the centuries since the Revolution? Social justice Restorative justice Market justice Criminal justice 0.5 points Save Answer QUESTION 10 Beauchamp argues that the prevailing attitude in American life and politics fails to protect which components of our society? The safety of our workplaces Our physical environment The equitable and effective distribution of medical care All of the above Why Health Care Managers and Policy makers must understand the intricacies of the healthcare system
